{"id":5233,"date":"2016-10-27T18:53:54","date_gmt":"2016-10-27T17:53:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/?p=5233"},"modified":"2016-11-05T14:31:49","modified_gmt":"2016-11-05T13:31:49","slug":"le-papyrus-de-jerusalem-much-ado","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2016\/10\/27\/le-papyrus-de-jerusalem-much-ado\/","title":{"rendered":"Le papyrus de J\u00e9rusalem : much ado ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710161.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-WP4tQuM6\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-5234 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710161.jpg?resize=300%2C126\" alt=\"2710161\" width=\"300\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710161.jpg?resize=300%2C126 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710161.jpg?resize=768%2C324 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710161.jpg?w=800 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On pourrait dire que c&rsquo;est d\u00e9sesp\u00e9rant. Et pourtant cela commen\u00e7ait bien, trop bien peut-\u00eatre&#8230; En effet l&rsquo;IAA a annonc\u00e9 hier la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;un papyrus exceptionnel (11.5 x 2.5 cm) : \u00e2g\u00e9 de 2700 ans (-650), il contiendrait la plus ancienne mention de la cit\u00e9 de J\u00e9rusalem. L&rsquo;\u00e9criture indique en caract\u00e8res pal\u00e9oh\u00e9breux :<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[\u2018]mt. hmlk. mn\u2018rth. nblym. yyn. Yr\u0161lmh<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(De la serv)ante du roi, de Naarta, (deux) jarres de vin \u00e0\u00a0J\u00e9rusalem<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710165.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-WP4tQuM6\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5244\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710165.jpg?resize=231%2C162\" alt=\"2710165\" width=\"231\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710165.jpg?resize=300%2C210 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710165.jpg?w=758 758w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/><\/a>Le manuscrit semble provenir de la grotte du Nahal Hever, o\u00f9 il a \u00e9t\u00e9 pill\u00e9 par des trafiquants d&rsquo;antiquit\u00e9s. Il y a cependant plusieurs ombres au tableau&#8230; Quelques curiosit\u00e9s sur l&rsquo;orthographe interrogent (ex. le\u00a0<em>mem<\/em>\u00a0dans <em>nblym<\/em>, [jarres-de-] qui d\u00e9pareille l&rsquo;\u00e9tat construit avec le mot qui suit <em>yyn<\/em> [vin], cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bibleparser.net\/Default.aspx?ref_nav=1Sa 25:18\">1 Samuel 25:18<\/a>, ou encore le h\u00e9 directionnel dans Naarta; cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bibleparser.net\/Default.aspx?ref_nav=Jos 16:7\">Josu\u00e9 16:7<\/a>). Mais surtout, c&rsquo;est l&rsquo;exploitation m\u00eame du document qui invite \u00e0 la prudence, car cette exploitation est avant tout <em>politique<\/em>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710162.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-WP4tQuM6\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-5238 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710162.jpg?resize=150%2C150\" alt=\"2710162\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710162.jpg?resize=150%2C150 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710162.jpg?resize=144%2C144 144w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/2710162.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=150%2C150 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>The recovered document emphatically disproves the Palestinian claim to Jerusalem, a precondition that has been a stumbling block preventing negotiations with Israel. This battle-cry has been taken up by UNESCO in two resolutions initiated by the Arab nations granting Islam a religious monopoly on the Temple Mount. <strong>This Hebrew papyrus proves that Jerusalem was the Jewish capital 1,300 years before Mohammed, the father of Islam, was born<\/strong>.\u00a0The papyrus even carries another clear indication that <strong>Jerusalem was originally a Jewish, and not Muslim, city: its subject is wine<\/strong>, a flourishing industry in ancient Israel and an essential part of the Temple service \u2013 and <strong>a substance expressly forbidden in Islam<\/strong>. Muslims would be hard-pressed to explain their part in this wine deal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Speaking at the dedication of the Adelson School of Entrepreneurship at IDC Herzliya, Prime Minister <strong>Benjamin Netanyahu<\/strong> made use of the papyrus when discussing UNESCO\u2019s \u201cdistorted, scandalous\u201d decision.\u00a0\u201cThis was a document, a shipping invoice, that was sent over 2,700 years ago from Na\u2019arat, near Jerusalem, and it says in ancient Hebrew, and this is the critical word, but you can see it in Hebrew, \u2018[me-a]mat ha-melekh me-Na\u2019aratah nevelim yi\u2019in Yerushalima\u2019. \u2018From the king\u2019s maidservant, from Na\u2019arat, jars of wine, to Jerusalem\u2019,\u201d Netanyahu translated.\u00a0\u201c<strong>Here is a letter from the past to UNESCO. It is written \u2018Yerushalima.\u2019<\/strong> It explains, in Hebrew, our connection to Jerusalem and the centrality of Jerusalem. A servant of the king, certainly a king of Judah. It is from over 2,700 years ago \u2013 Jerusalem. <strong>Not in Arabic, not in Aramaic, not in Greek or Latin \u2013 in Hebrew.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Source : <a href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingisraelnews.com\/77620\/papyrus-oldest-known-hebrew-reference-jerusalem-proves-city-jewish-1300-years-birth-islam\/#DylxV8SjDiAoxWOx.97\">Breaking Israel News<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dans un tel contexte, o\u00f9 l&rsquo;art\u00e9fact arch\u00e9ologique est brandi dans les discussions g\u00e9opolitiques, la plus grande r\u00e9serve est de mise. A plus forte raison si le contenu est sensationnel : une tr\u00e8s ancienne mention de la ville de J\u00e9rusalem, un document \u00e9crit ou command\u00e9\u00a0par une femme \u00e9minente&#8230; Rien d&rsquo;impossible, mais des voix s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8vent.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.ibtimes.co.in\/tv\/embed\/41848\" width=\"400\" height=\"250\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C&rsquo;est en effet la datation au carbone 14, et l&rsquo;analyse pal\u00e9ographique, qui ont\u00a0permis de dater le document. Or ces deux m\u00e9thodes ne sont pas infaillibles et l&rsquo;\u00e9minent \u00e9pigraphiste\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rollstonepigraphy.com\/?p=715\">Christopher Rollston<\/a> soul\u00e8ve quelques objections, qui semblent d&rsquo;ailleurs \u00eatre des objections de principe\u00a0:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The fact that the papyrus itself has been <strong>carbon dated<\/strong> to the 7th century BCE certainly does not mean that the writing on the papyrus is ancient In fact, it really <strong>means nothing<\/strong>. \u00a0(&#8230;) There are some palaeographic and <strong>orthographic<\/strong> <strong>anomalies<\/strong> and inconsistencies in this papyrus inscription that are concerning and may suggest that it is modern, not ancient. (&#8230;)\u00a0 The Jerusalem Papyrus is from the antiquities market and it has been floating around on the market for a few years now. It was <strong>not found on an actual archaeological excavation<\/strong>. (&#8230;)\u00a0In short, to those wishing to declare that the letters on this papyrus inscription are ancient, I would say:<strong> \u2018Not so fast!\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il est sans doute trop t\u00f4t pour trancher. Les objections avanc\u00e9es ne sont pas insurmontables. Mais quand on sait combien le march\u00e9 des antiquit\u00e9s rec\u00e8le de forgeries modernes, le doute est de mise. Trop beau pour \u00eatre vrai&#8230; mais si c&rsquo;\u00e9tait vrai ? Voil\u00e0 qui est d\u00e9sesp\u00e9rant quand on n&rsquo;est pas sp\u00e9cialiste.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>A consulter<\/strong> : <a href=\"https:\/\/michaellanglois.org\/fr\/publications\/jerusalem-mentionnee-dans-un-papyrus-plurimillenaire-en-plein-debat-a-lunesco\">Michael Langlois : J\u00e9rusalem mentionn\u00e9e dans un papyrus plurimill\u00e9naire en pleine pol\u00e9mique \u00e0 l&rsquo;UNESCO<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.breakingisraelnews.com\/77620\/papyrus-oldest-known-hebrew-reference-jerusalem-proves-city-jewish-1300-years-birth-islam\/#DylxV8SjDiAoxWOx.97\">Breaking Israel News<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/Israel-News\/Ancient-papyrus-scroll-found-with-earliest-Hebrew-mention-of-Jerusalem-470898\">The Jerusalem Post<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rollstonepigraphy.com\/?p=715\">Rollston :\u00a0The New &lsquo;Jerusalem&rsquo; Papyrus : No so Fast&#8230;<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rollstonepigraphy.com\/?p=721\">Rollston : The Jerusalem Papyrus, Complementary Notations<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencesetavenir.fr\/archeo-paleo\/archeologie\/la-plus-vieille-mention-de-jerusalem-en-hebreu-retrouvee-sur-un-papyrus_107752\">Science et Avenir<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On pourrait dire que c&rsquo;est d\u00e9sesp\u00e9rant. Et pourtant cela commen\u00e7ait bien, trop bien peut-\u00eatre&#8230; En effet l&rsquo;IAA a annonc\u00e9 hier la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;un papyrus exceptionnel (11.5 x 2.5 cm) : \u00e2g\u00e9 de 2700 ans (-650), il contiendrait la plus ancienne mention de la cit\u00e9 de J\u00e9rusalem. L&rsquo;\u00e9criture indique en caract\u00e8res pal\u00e9oh\u00e9breux : [\u2018]mt. hmlk. mn\u2018rth. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2,796,10,356],"tags":[373,821,359],"class_list":["post-5233","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites","category-archeologie","category-paleographie","category-papyrologie","tag-forgerie","tag-jerusalem-papyrus","tag-papyrus"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3MfBZ-1mp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5568,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2017\/01\/14\/legypte-ancienne-a-travers-les-papyrus-burnet-2003\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":0},"title":"L&rsquo;\u00c9gypte ancienne \u00e0 travers les papyrus (Burnet, 2003)","author":"areopage","date":"14\/01\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"R\u00e9gis Burnet met g\u00e9n\u00e9reusement en ligne son anthologie L'\u00c9gypte ancienne \u00e0 travers les papyrus - Vie quotidienne (\u00c9ditions Flammarion, Pygmalion, 2003). Il s'agit d'un\u00a0recueil de textes tout \u00e0 fait passionnant qui invite \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir l'\u00c9gypte par une s\u00e9lection de textes class\u00e9s par th\u00e8mes, couvrant la p\u00e9riode lagide (332-30 av. J.-C.)\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"140117","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/140117.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4433,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2015\/12\/04\/decouverte-de-limpression-dun-sceau-dezechias-viii\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":1},"title":"D\u00e9couverte de l&rsquo;impression d&rsquo;un sceau d\u2019\u00c9z\u00e9chias (-VIII)","author":"areopage","date":"04\/12\/2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Ce petit rond d'argile, d\u00e9couvert en 2009 \u00e0 l'occasion de fouilles au pied du mur sud du Mont du Temple \u00e0 Ophel, \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, vient d'\u00eatre identifi\u00e9 comme ayant appartenu au roi \u00c9z\u00e9chias (716-687 av. J.-C.), fils d'Achaz (cf. 2 Rois 18.1-3, 2 Chroniques 29.1-2, etc.). Le rond d'argile, de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"0412151","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/0412151-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1163,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/12\/05\/le-papyrus-de-la-femme-de-jesus-un-autre-cas-decole\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":2},"title":"Le papyrus de la \u00ab\u00a0femme\u00a0\u00bb de J\u00e9sus : un autre cas d&rsquo;\u00e9cole ?","author":"areopage","date":"05\/12\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Le grand-public est en mal de sensationnel, de r\u00e9v\u00e9lations, de complots d\u00e9jou\u00e9s. La croyance se forge\u00a0plus\u00a0souvent sur l'opinion que sur l'argument. Les discours des experts sont l'objet de soup\u00e7ons, parfois fond\u00e9s, mais trop souvent irrationnels. C'est l'effet de mode introduit, ou plut\u00f4t catalys\u00e9, par le fameux Da Vinci Code. Il\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"0312136","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/0312136-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1062,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/11\/11\/les-papyri-chester-beatty-en-ligne\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":3},"title":"Les Papyri Chester Beatty en ligne","author":"areopage","date":"11\/11\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Les importants manuscrits (bibliques et non bibliques) dits Chester Beatty Papyri sont d\u00e9sormais en ligne, sur le site du CSNTM. Daniel B. Wallace s'\u00e9tait fait l'\u00e9cho de leur num\u00e9risation l'\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier, et de leur mise en ligne r\u00e9cemment. J'attendais d'en savoir plus pour partager ce tr\u00e9sor ! Ces papyri ont\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;liens&quot;","block_context":{"text":"liens","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/liens\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"1111131","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/1111131-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1980,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/06\/20\/wessely-les-plus-anciens-monuments-du-christianisme-ecrits-sur-papyrus-19061924\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":4},"title":"Wessely \u2013 Les plus anciens monuments du christianisme \u00e9crits sur papyrus (1906,1924)","author":"areopage","date":"20\/06\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"[scribd id=230553889 key=key-0rQQXLNV9v1ljwfB49vZ mode=book] Les deux volumes de Charles Wessely, tir\u00e9s de la Patrologia\u00a0Orientalis, pr\u00e9sentaient \u00e0 leur \u00e9poque (1906 et 1924) les plus anciens t\u00e9moignages papyrologiques int\u00e9ressant le christianisme ancien. On y trouve un grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9s\u00a0de documents : lettres chr\u00e9tiennes, fragments d'\u00e9vangiles canoniques, logia du Christ, adjurations\u00a0magiques... C'est extr\u00eamement int\u00e9ressant.\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2002,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/06\/22\/manuscripts-readings-un-florilege-papyrologique-et-scripturaire-logos-5\/","url_meta":{"origin":5233,"position":5},"title":"Manuscripts Readings : un floril\u00e8ge papyrologique et scripturaire&#8230; (Logos 5)","author":"areopage","date":"22\/06\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent post, je pr\u00e9sentais un module tout \u00e0 fait exceptionnel, eCatena, or celui-ci ne l'est pas moins. Manuscripts Readings (ne vous fiez pas au nom, je n'\u00e9tais pas inspir\u00e9) permet : - de conna\u00eetre quel manuscrit (papyrus, oncial, minuscule, lectionnaire, anciennes versions) atteste un passage, et dans quel\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;critique textuelle&quot;","block_context":{"text":"critique textuelle","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/critique-textuelle\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"2206143","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/2206143-300x168.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5233","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5233"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5233\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5293,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5233\/revisions\/5293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5233"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5233"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5233"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}