{"id":1980,"date":"2014-06-20T15:27:41","date_gmt":"2014-06-20T14:27:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/?p=1980"},"modified":"2014-06-20T15:27:41","modified_gmt":"2014-06-20T14:27:41","slug":"wessely-les-plus-anciens-monuments-du-christianisme-ecrits-sur-papyrus-19061924","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/06\/20\/wessely-les-plus-anciens-monuments-du-christianisme-ecrits-sur-papyrus-19061924\/","title":{"rendered":"Wessely \u2013 Les plus anciens monuments du christianisme \u00e9crits sur papyrus (1906,1924)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[scribd id=230553889 key=key-0rQQXLNV9v1ljwfB49vZ mode=book]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les deux volumes de Charles Wessely, tir\u00e9s de la <em>Patrologia\u00a0Orientalis<\/em>, pr\u00e9sentaient \u00e0 leur \u00e9poque (1906 et 1924) les plus anciens t\u00e9moignages papyrologiques int\u00e9ressant le christianisme ancien. On y trouve un grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9s\u00a0de documents : lettres chr\u00e9tiennes, fragments d&rsquo;\u00e9vangiles canoniques, <em>logia<\/em> du Christ, adjurations\u00a0magiques&#8230; C&rsquo;est extr\u00eamement int\u00e9ressant. Les volumes\u00a0existaient d\u00e9j\u00e0, s\u00e9par\u00e9ment, en divers endroits sur Internet, et \u00e9taient disponibles depuis longtemps dans <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bibleparser.fr\"><em>Bible Parser<\/em><\/a> (DVD 5). Je propose ici une version unique des deux volumes, index\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Outre l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat historique de ces \u00e9crits, on remarque \u00e7\u00e0 et l\u00e0, si on est attentif, des points dignes d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; ainsi, l&rsquo;usage des <em>nomina sacra<\/em>\u00a0au IVe si\u00e8cle encore t\u00e9moigne d&rsquo;une distinction entre les termes sacr\u00e9s, abr\u00e9g\u00e9s (\u03ba\u03c5\u0301\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2, si c&rsquo;est le Seigneur Dieu) , ou profanes, \u00e9crits <em>in plene<\/em> (tout autre seigneur humain). Par ex.,\u00a0p.394 (cf. p.101) le P. Oxy. 12, 1495 (\u00ab\u00a0Lettre Nilos \u00e0 Apollonios\u00a0\u00bb) : l.1\u00a0\u039a\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u0301\u03c9 \u03b1\u0313\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03c9\u0342\u0345 \u0391\u0313\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u0301\u03c9\u0345, <em>Nilus salue son fr\u00e8re, le seigneur Apollonius.\u00a0<\/em>Mais\u00a0un peu plus loin l.5-6 :\u00a0&#8230;\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u0300 \u03c4\u03c9\u0342\u0345 \u03ba(\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u0301)\u03c9\u0342 \u03b8(\u03b5)<em>\u03c9\u0342\u0345, d&rsquo;aupr\u00e8s du Seigneur Dieu<\/em>. Sur ce point, cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/6423187\/Charlesworth_Consensus_Standardization_Nomina_Sacra_Aegyptus\">Charlesworth 2006<\/a>. Mais l&rsquo;humain restant faillible, on ne peut pas parler de pratique <em>parfaitement<\/em>\u00a0coh\u00e9rente, cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/B000VIDC4W\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=B000VIDC4W&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Haines-Eitzen 2000<\/a>. A titre d&rsquo;exemple, cf.\u00a0le \u00a719 p.191 ou \u03b8\u03b5\u03b5 n&rsquo;est pas abr\u00e9g\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; s&rsquo;il est d&rsquo;usage d&rsquo;\u00e9crire les <em>nomina sacra<\/em> en les faisant pr\u00e9c\u00e9der et suivre d&rsquo;espaces plus grands que d&rsquo;ordinaire, dans certains cas\u00a0ces espaces semblent d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment agrandis\u00a0(p.401).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; l&rsquo;usage du vocable \u0399\u03b1\u03c9, tentative de vocalisation grecque du nom divin <em>Yahou<\/em> (qui est peut-\u00eatre une \u00ab\u00a0arama\u00efsation\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0du t\u00e9tragramme) reste fr\u00e9quent, m\u00eame encore aux Ve &#8211; VIe s. (ex. p.187, 403, 423) &#8211; aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s bien s\u00fbr des habituels <em>Sabaoth<\/em>, <em>Adona\u00ef<\/em>, <em>Michael<\/em>, ou <em>Abrasax<\/em> (valeur num\u00e9rique =\u00a0365). On remarque un certain jeu avec les voyelles et les symboles, qu&rsquo;ils soient simples (A \u03a9), ou plus \u00e9labor\u00e9s (\u0399\u03a7\u0398\u03a5\u03a3).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; p.174 une curieuse particularit\u00e9 est relev\u00e9e, sans \u00eatre expliqu\u00e9e : dans le <strong>P. Vindob. G. 2325<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00e9dition dans <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0567045684\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0567045684&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Bernhard<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0198709692\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0198709692&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Hill<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/9004161821\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=9004161821&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Kraus<\/a> ou <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0199732108\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0199732108&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Ehrman-Plese<\/a>) appel\u00e9 aussi Fragment du Fayoum, le <em>nomen sacrum<\/em> pour Pierre (<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u03a0\u0395\u03a4<\/span>) est \u00e9crit <em>en rouge<\/em>, et surmont\u00e9 de <em>deux points<\/em>. L&rsquo;usage des points \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un terme \u00e0 mettre en \u00e9vidence n&rsquo;est pas sans rappeler le <a href=\"http:\/\/ccat.sas.upenn.edu\/rak\/\/lxxjewpap\/PFou848.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-etL2kLs2\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><strong>P266b<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/areopage.net\/PDF\/P52%20%28P.%20Rylands.Gr.457%29_NominaSacra_Fontaine.pdf\">Fontaine 2012 : 7<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/9004140018\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=9004140018&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Tov 2008 : 288<\/a>)&#8230; Un indice pour l&rsquo;origine des <em>nomina sacra<\/em> ?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[scribd id=230553889 key=key-0rQQXLNV9v1ljwfB49vZ mode=book] Les deux volumes de Charles Wessely, tir\u00e9s de la Patrologia\u00a0Orientalis, pr\u00e9sentaient \u00e0 leur \u00e9poque (1906 et 1924) les plus anciens t\u00e9moignages papyrologiques int\u00e9ressant le christianisme ancien. On y trouve un grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9s\u00a0de documents : lettres chr\u00e9tiennes, fragments d&rsquo;\u00e9vangiles canoniques, logia du Christ, adjurations\u00a0magiques&#8230; C&rsquo;est extr\u00eamement int\u00e9ressant. Les volumes\u00a0existaient d\u00e9j\u00e0, s\u00e9par\u00e9ment, en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[7,356],"tags":[554,555,61,558,557,556],"class_list":["post-1980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-grec-biblique","category-papyrologie","tag-charles-wessely","tag-documents-chretiens-primitifs","tag-nomina-sacra","tag-p-fouad-266b","tag-p-vindob-g-2325","tag-556"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3MfBZ-vW","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":6033,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2017\/04\/24\/nouveaux-papyri-bibliques-a-oxyrhynque\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":0},"title":"Nouveaux papyri bibliques \u00e0 Oxyrhynque","author":"areopage","date":"24\/04\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Les papyri d'Oxyrhynque ont livr\u00e9, au fil des ann\u00e9es, et m\u00eame des d\u00e9cennies, de nombreuses informations sur l'Egypte hell\u00e9nistique, la p\u00e9riode romaine, et les commencements du christianisme. Au rythme actuel, il faudra encore plus de\u00a0vingt ans pour percer les myst\u00e8res de cette collection, avec une s\u00e9rie d\u00e9passant les 100 volumes,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/2404171-300x166.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5568,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2017\/01\/14\/legypte-ancienne-a-travers-les-papyrus-burnet-2003\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":1},"title":"L&rsquo;\u00c9gypte ancienne \u00e0 travers les papyrus (Burnet, 2003)","author":"areopage","date":"14\/01\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"R\u00e9gis Burnet met g\u00e9n\u00e9reusement en ligne son anthologie L'\u00c9gypte ancienne \u00e0 travers les papyrus - Vie quotidienne (\u00c9ditions Flammarion, Pygmalion, 2003). Il s'agit d'un\u00a0recueil de textes tout \u00e0 fait passionnant qui invite \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir l'\u00c9gypte par une s\u00e9lection de textes class\u00e9s par th\u00e8mes, couvrant la p\u00e9riode lagide (332-30 av. J.-C.)\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"140117","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/140117.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5649,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2017\/01\/21\/premiers-ecrits-chretiens-pleiade-2016\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":2},"title":"Premiers \u00e9crits chr\u00e9tiens (Pl\u00e9iade, 2016)","author":"areopage","date":"21\/01\/2017","format":false,"excerpt":"La Biblioth\u00e8que de la Pl\u00e9iade s'est enrichie en fin d'ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re d'un nouveau volume r\u00e9jouissant, les Premiers \u00e9crits chr\u00e9tiens, ample volume de 1648p \u00e9dit\u00e9 sous la direction de Bernard Pouderon, Jean-Marie Salamito et Vincent Zarini, avec un prix de lancement de 58\u20ac jusque fin mai 2017, puis un prix catalogue\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/2101171-192x300.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1813,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/06\/08\/les-peres-anteniceens-10-vol\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":3},"title":"Les P\u00e8res ant\u00e9nic\u00e9ens (10 vol.)","author":"areopage","date":"08\/06\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Je suis l'heureux propri\u00e9taire de cette collection des P\u00e8res ant\u00e9nic\u00e9ens depuis peu. \u00c9dit\u00e9e par A. Roberts et J. Donaldson, cette s\u00e9rie comprend la majorit\u00e9 des premiers \u00e9crits chr\u00e9tiens\u00a0jusqu'en l'an 325 AD : Ante-Nicene Fathers - The Writings of the Fathers Down to A.D. 325,\u00a0dont les P\u00e8res apostoliques,\u00a0Ir\u00e9n\u00e9e, Tatien, Justin, Tertullien,\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;lectures&quot;","block_context":{"text":"lectures","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/lectures\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"0806141","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/0806141-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4410,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2015\/11\/29\/quelques-lectures\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":4},"title":"Quelques lectures&#8230;","author":"areopage","date":"29\/11\/2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Chaque ouvrage m\u00e9riterait certainement une recension propre, mais le temps \u00e9tant une ressource h\u00e9las limit\u00e9e, je me contenterai de faire quelques remarques sur ces ouvrages. La Bible, avec notes d'\u00e9tude arch\u00e9ologiques et historiques (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Biblique de Gen\u00e8ve, 2015) Cet ouvrage est exceptionnel. C'est une traduction de la fameuse NIV Archaeological\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;actualit\u00e9s&quot;","block_context":{"text":"actualit\u00e9s","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/actualites\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"2911154","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/2911154-196x300.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":764,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/09\/24\/regis-burnet-pierre-du-ier-au-ve-siecle\/","url_meta":{"origin":1980,"position":5},"title":"R\u00e9gis Burnet, Pierre du Ier au Ve si\u00e8cle","author":"areopage","date":"24\/09\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Dans le Cahier \u00c9vangile n\u00b0165 de septembre 2013, R\u00e9gis Burnet intervient dans un article retra\u00e7ant la r\u00e9ception de la figure de l'ap\u00f4tre Pierre du Ier au Ve si\u00e8cle. Ce qui est int\u00e9ressant, c'est de voir le foisonnement d'\u00e9crits apocryphes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9s en son nom : - \u00c9vangile de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;lectures&quot;","block_context":{"text":"lectures","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/lectures\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1980"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1980\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1991,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1980\/revisions\/1991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}