{"id":1666,"date":"2014-05-27T19:05:59","date_gmt":"2014-05-27T18:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/?p=1666"},"modified":"2014-05-31T09:03:34","modified_gmt":"2014-05-31T08:03:34","slug":"luc-11-20-par-le-doigt-de-dieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/05\/27\/luc-11-20-par-le-doigt-de-dieu\/","title":{"rendered":"Luc 11.20 : par le doigt de Dieu ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Quand on compare les synoptiques, on peut parfois se demander ce qui explique les variations. Ainsi, dans la controverse qui oppose J\u00e9sus\u00a0\u00e0 des adversaires niant l&rsquo;origine de son pouvoir (cf. <strong>Matthieu 12.22-30 | Marc 3.22-27 | Luc 11.14-23<\/strong>), on lit d&rsquo;un c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 <strong>\u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u1ff3 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6<\/strong> [\u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c] \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1f71\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u1f79\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c6\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c6\u0374 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6. Mais si c&rsquo;est<strong> par le doigt de Dieu<\/strong> que j&rsquo;expulse les d\u00e9mons, c&rsquo;est donc que le Royaume de Dieu est arriv\u00e9 jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 vous (BJ).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Luc 11.20<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">et de l&rsquo;autre :<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 <strong>\u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6<\/strong> \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1f71\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u1f79\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c6\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c6\u0374 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6.\u00a0Mais si c&rsquo;est <strong>par l&rsquo;Esprit de Dieu<\/strong> que j&rsquo;expulse les d\u00e9mons, c&rsquo;est donc que le Royaume de Dieu est arriv\u00e9 jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 vous.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Matthieu 12.28<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Est-ce \u00e0 dire que \u00ab\u00a0par le doigt de Dieu\u00a0\u00bb = \u00ab\u00a0par l&rsquo;Esprit de Dieu\u00a0\u00bb ?\u00a0Peut-\u00eatre. C&rsquo;est par l&rsquo;exemple l&rsquo;avis de <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyrille_d'Alexandrie\">Cyrille d&rsquo;Alexandrie<\/a> (<em>Hom\u00e9lie <\/em>81, cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0830814884\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0830814884&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">ACCS 3:193<\/a>). Chez Marc, on ne trouve pas cette parole du Christ, mais une pr\u00e9cision s&rsquo;av\u00e8re tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressante (<strong>Marc 3.28-30<\/strong>)\u00a0:<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1f08\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03bb\u1f73\u03b3\u03c9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f31 \u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd\u0387 \u1f43\u03c2 \u03b4\u0374 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f05\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f04\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u1f14\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u1f79\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f30\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. <strong>\u1f45\u03c4\u03b9<\/strong> \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03ba\u1f71\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9.\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, je vous le dis, tout sera remis aux enfants des hommes, les p\u00e9ch\u00e9s et les blasph\u00e8mes tant qu&rsquo;ils en auront prof\u00e9r\u00e9 ; mais quiconque aura blasph\u00e9m\u00e9 contre l&rsquo;Esprit Saint n&rsquo;aura jamais de r\u00e9mission &#8211; il est coupable d&rsquo;une faute \u00e9ternelle. \u00ab\u00a0<strong>C&rsquo;est qu<\/strong>&lsquo;ils disaient &#8211; \u00ab\u00a0Il est poss\u00e9d\u00e9 d&rsquo;un esprit impur.\u00a0\u00bb<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Voil\u00e0 un exemple clair de <a title=\"Le blasph\u00e8me contre l\u2019Esprit (Matthieu 12.32, etc.)\" href=\"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/05\/11\/le-blaspheme-contre-lesprit-matthieu-12-32-etc\/\">blasph\u00e8me contre l&rsquo;esprit saint<\/a>, que le connecteur \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9\u00a0 explicite\u00a0: prof\u00e9rer que J\u00e9sus expulse un d\u00e9mon <em>par B\u00e9elz\u00e9boul<\/em>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0car ce faisant, on renie l&rsquo;esprit de Dieu \u00e0 l&rsquo;oeuvre en J\u00e9sus, son onction messianique.<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bien s\u00fbr, l&rsquo;expression \u00ab\u00a0doigt de Dieu\u00a0\u00bb fait penser \u00e0 <strong>Exode 8.15, 31.18<\/strong> ou<strong> Deut\u00e9ronome 9.10<\/strong>, mais notons qu&rsquo;on ne la retrouve nulle part ailleurs dans le Nouveau Testament. Lagrange pense qu&rsquo;elle est moins appropri\u00e9e au contexte que celle de Matthieu (<a href=\"http:\/\/gallica.bnf.fr\/ark:\/12148\/bpt6k6543845s\/f441.image\"><em>\u00c9vangile selon saint Matthieu<\/em>, J. Gabalda, 1923, p. 243<\/a>) :<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">(&#8230;)\u00a0\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u1ff3 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6, expression scripturaire, qui n&rsquo;est pas pour cela primitive, si l&rsquo;on tient compte du go\u00fbt de Lc. pour le style des Septante. Mt a \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u0301\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 qui pr\u00e9pare bien le v.31 s. et qui doit donc appartenir \u00e0 la contexture primitive.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mais ce n&rsquo;est pas l&rsquo;avis de tout le monde. Ainsi, A. Lemonnyer (<em>Suppl\u00e9ment au Dictionnaire de la Bible<\/em>, 1928, tome 1,\u00a0p.987) :<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">L&rsquo;esprit de Dieu, le doigt de Dieu, ce ne sont pas l\u00e0 formules \u00e9quivalentes. L&rsquo;Esprit de Dieu est suspect d&rsquo;avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 choisi justement pour amener la sentence sur le blasph\u00e8me, qui suit dans Matt. Luc n&rsquo;avait pas cette pr\u00e9occupation et sa formule, plus rare, par le doigt de Dieu m\u00e9rite d&rsquo;\u00eatre pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Elle ne doit cependant pas \u00eatre primitive. Nous attendions par le Nom de Dieu ou par le Saint Nom. C&rsquo;est la seule formule qui r\u00e9ponde \u00e0 la doctrine et \u00e0 la pratique juives en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;exorcismes. C&rsquo;est par le Nom de Dieu que ces exorcistes juives, auxquels J\u00e9sus lui-m\u00eame s&rsquo;assimile, chassait les d\u00e9mons. Tout devient clair si nous substituons\u00a0dans Marc le Nom de Dieu \u00e0 l&rsquo;Esprit de Dieu, le Saint Nom au Saint-Esprit. Le blasph\u00e8me contre le Saint-Esprit qui ne sera pas remis, c&rsquo;est le blasph\u00e8me juif contre le Nom de Dieu, que la Loi punissait de mort.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Voil\u00e0 qui est extr\u00eamement int\u00e9ressant, et coh\u00e9rent.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c0\u00a0l&rsquo;appui de cette all\u00e9gation, je soulignerai les points suivants :<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1)<\/strong> Les adversaires de J\u00e9sus l&rsquo;accusent pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment d&rsquo;expulser les d\u00e9mons par B\u00e9elz\u00e9boub, autre <strong>nom<\/strong> de Satan (<strong>Matthieu 12.24, 27, Marc 3.22, Luc 11.15, 18, 19<\/strong>).<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2)<\/strong> Les premiers chr\u00e9tiens firent un large usage du <strong>nom<\/strong> de J\u00e9sus pour expulser les d\u00e9mons (cet usage implique l&rsquo;\u00e9nonciation du nom,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/djep.hd.free.fr\/LaReferenceBiblique\/?Chap=19&amp;Vers=13&amp;Livre=44\">Actes 19.13<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0; cf.\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/djep.hd.free.fr\/LaReferenceBiblique\/?Chap=9&amp;Vers=38&amp;Livre=41\">Marc 9.38<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/djep.hd.free.fr\/LaReferenceBiblique\/?Chap=16&amp;Vers=17&amp;Livre=41\">16.17<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/djep.hd.free.fr\/LaReferenceBiblique\/?Chap=9&amp;Vers=49&amp;Livre=42\">Luc 9.49<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/djep.hd.free.fr\/LaReferenceBiblique\/?Chap=10&amp;Vers=17&amp;Livre=42\">10.17<\/a><\/strong>). Pour le IIe s., la\u00a0litt\u00e9rature talmudique\u00a0en fournit des exemples pr\u00e9cis (Tosefta, <em>Hulin<\/em> II, 22-23 ; Talmud de J\u00e9rusalem, <em>Sabbath<\/em> XIV, 4, 14b ; cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/2204082643\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=2204082643&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Jaff\u00e9 2008 : 73, 77 ; cf. 61-81<\/a>).<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3)<\/strong>\u00a0Tant dans le monde pa\u00efen que dans le monde juif, l&rsquo;usage apotropa\u00efque\u00a0du <strong>nom<\/strong> des divinit\u00e9s \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandu (cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=DpJlOHceIjMC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=bohak%20jewish&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA117#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Bohak 2008 : 117<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/2857048106\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=2857048106&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Burnet 2003:181-200<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0226044475\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0226044475&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Betz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/3598742762\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=3598742762&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Preisendanz I<\/a>&amp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/3598742770\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=3598742770&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">II<\/a>, cf. PGM I.27-29, 212, 220-21, 265, II. 285-287 ; cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/The-Interpreters-Dictionary-Bible-Volume\/dp\/0687192684\">IDB 2 : 199<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0830824561\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0830824561&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">DJG : 163-172<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/085110651X\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=085110651X&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">DPL : 209-211<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/0851119808\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=0851119808&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">DNTB : 269-273<\/a>), le nom d&rsquo;un dieu\u00a0pouvait aussi \u00eatre l&rsquo;objet de blasph\u00e8me, comme je l&rsquo;ai signal\u00e9 chez <a title=\"Le blasph\u00e8me de Caligula : \u0399\u03b1\u03c9 ?\" href=\"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/01\/18\/le-blaspheme-de-caligula-%ce%b9%ce%b1%cf%89\/\">Caligula<\/a>. Les formules magiques incantatoires (<em>voces magicae<\/em>) requ\u00e9raient \u00e9videmment l&rsquo;<strong><em>\u00e9nonciation<\/em><\/strong> du nom (ex. PGM\u00a0IV.3019-3020 = Betz, p.96), et ont eu cours durant longtemps encore apr\u00e8s l\u2019av\u00e8nement du christianisme (ex. <strong>P. Mich. 155<\/strong>, IIe s. ap. J.-C. \u00ab\u00a0Grand dans les cieux, toi qui fais tourner le monde, vrai Dieu, Ia\u00f4, Seigneur, (&#8230;) accorde-moi le pouvoir, la victoire\u00a0\u00bb ; <strong>P. Mich. 757<\/strong>, IIIe-IVe s. ap. J.-C. \u00a0\u00ab\u00a0par le nom d&rsquo;Adona\u00ef (&#8230;), par le nom de Ia\u00f4 Saba\u00f4th\u00a0\u00bb, Burnet 2003 : \u00a0183, 191 ; voir aussi <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=Sy3po8cI0FYC&amp;lpg=PA93&amp;dq=uttering%20divine%20name%20magic&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA91#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Trachtenberg 2012 : 91<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=DpJlOHceIjMC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=bohak%20jewish&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA299#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Bohak 2008 : 299<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=DpJlOHceIjMC&amp;lpg=PP1&amp;dq=bohak%20jewish&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA306#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">306<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=y63GE5Tw3KMC&amp;lpg=PA108&amp;dq=enunciation%20divine%20name%20magic&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA108#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Barker 1992 : 108<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=PeP-nJaBCv8C&amp;lpg=PP4&amp;ots=kejfwxYfbv&amp;dq=jews%20in%20the%20greek%20world%20bickerman&amp;hl=fr&amp;pg=PA266#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">Bickerman 1988 : 266<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblicalstudies.org.uk\/pdf\/tb\/magic_yamauchi.pdf\">Yamauchi 1983<\/a>). Hors contexte magique, et dans le juda\u00efsme par exemple, le Nom \u00e9tait \u00a0connu, ce dont\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haninah_ben_Teradion\">Hananiah ben Teradion<\/a> (c. 135 AD) fournit un triste exemple ( il pronon\u00e7a le Nom \u00ab\u00a0selon ses lettres\u00a0\u00bb, cf.<em> &lsquo;Ab. Zarah 17b <\/em>; cf. Mishna, <em>Sanh\u00e9drin<\/em>\u00a010.1 ; cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/B0000DVQCL\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=B0000DVQCL&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Bonsirven 1995 : 514 \u00a71900<\/a>).<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>4)<\/strong> La l\u00e9gende retiendra pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment que J\u00e9sus employait le Nom, puisque les Juifs l&rsquo;accus\u00e8rent de tirer son pouvoir des lettres du Nom, que J\u00e9sus pronon\u00e7ait explicitement (cf. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/2296035590\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=2296035590&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Fontaine 2007 : 305-306,<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/gp\/product\/2911289196\/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1642&amp;creative=19458&amp;creativeASIN=2911289196&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=encyclopaed09-21\">Osier 1999 : 38-39, 43-44, 52<\/a>).<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>5)<\/strong> Le fait que Mt et Lc ne concordent pas, et que Mt (dont on conna\u00eet <a title=\"D. Jaff\u00e9 et Matthieu h\u00e9breu\" href=\"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/08\/01\/d-jaffe-et-matthieu-hebreu\/\">le substrat s\u00e9mitique<\/a>) pr\u00e9f\u00e8re une m\u00e9tonymie, peut \u00eatre l&rsquo;indice d&rsquo;un \u00ab\u00a0euph\u00e9misme\u00a0\u00bb pour le Nom de Dieu. Par exemple, on trouve souvent des divergences entre les synoptiques sur \u00ab\u00a0le royaume <strong>de Dieu<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb (<strong>Marc 1.15<\/strong>) qui est plus volontiers \u00ab\u00a0royaume <strong>des Cieux<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb (<strong>Matthieu 3.2<\/strong>) chez Matthieu (cf.\u00a0<strong>Matthieu 3.2, 4.17, 5.3, 10, 19, 20, 7.21, 8.11, 10.7, 11.11, 12, 13.11, 24, 31, 33, 44, 45, 47, 52, 16.19, 18.1, 3, 4, 23, 19.12, 14, 23, 20.1, 22.2, 23.13, 25.1<\/strong>).<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>6)<\/strong> Or <strong>Matthieu 12.28<\/strong> est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment un contre-exemple ! Au lieu de sa coutumi\u00e8re\u00a0\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd, Matthieu emploie ici\u00a0\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6.\u00a0La redondance avec\u00a0\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6 ne va pas sans \u00e9tonner. Rien bien s\u00fbr ne l&rsquo;interdit, mais gageons que l&rsquo;expression est inhabituelle, et s&rsquo;expliquerait parfaitement si le Nom avait \u00e9t\u00e9 prononc\u00e9 par J\u00e9sus.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>7)<\/strong> Sur ce point, la version de <em>Shem Tob<\/em> n&rsquo;apporte pas grand-chose (\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d0\u05dc<strong>\u05e7<\/strong>\u05d9\u05dd) mais celle de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.torahresource.com\/DuTillet\/DuTilletWorkingFile_2Col.pdf\"><em>du Tillet<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(cf. p.20, 57 n126) intrigue. On y lit :<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'SBL Hebrew'; font-size: large;\">\u05d5\u05db\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d4<br \/>\n\u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dd \u05db\u05df \u05d1\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05dd<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'SBL Hebrew'; font-size: large;\">\u05de\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\">Et\u00a0si, moi, c&rsquo;est par l&rsquo;esprit de&#8230;<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\">de Dieu que j&rsquo;expulse les d\u00e9mons, c&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;il est parvenu jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 vous<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: right;\">le Royaume de Dieu<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dans le segment \u05d5\u05db\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d4, le \u05d4\u00a0se tient seul en fin de ligne. Ce qui fait furieusement penser\u00a0au&#8230; <span style=\"color: #252525;\">\u05d4\u05e9\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<em>HaShem<\/em>, le Nom !<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quand on compare les synoptiques, on peut parfois se demander ce qui explique les variations. Ainsi, dans la controverse qui oppose J\u00e9sus\u00a0\u00e0 des adversaires niant l&rsquo;origine de son pouvoir (cf. Matthieu 12.22-30 | Marc 3.22-27 | Luc 11.14-23), on lit d&rsquo;un c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0: \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u1ff3 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6 [\u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c] \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1f71\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u1f79\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c6\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c6\u0374 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4,7,294],"tags":[505,513,510,355,511,512,514,351],"class_list":["post-1666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-critique-textuelle","category-grec-biblique","category-reflexions","tag-blaspheme-contre-lesprit-saint","tag-doigt-de-dieu","tag-du-tillet","tag-evangiles-synoptiques","tag-luc-11-20","tag-matthieu-12-28","tag-nom-de-dieu","tag-shem-tob"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3MfBZ-qS","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1068,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/11\/13\/ou-est-le-royaume-luc-17-21\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":0},"title":"O\u00f9 est le Royaume ? (Luc 17.21)","author":"areopage","date":"13\/11\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"\u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f30\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a \u1f67\u03b4\u03b5 \u1f24 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f30\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd. et l'on ne dira pas \u2013 \"Voici \u2013 il est ici ! ou bien \u2013 il est l\u00e0 ! \" Car voici que le Royaume de Dieu est au milieu de vous. \" - Bible\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2162,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/08\/10\/%cf%84%ce%b5%ce%ba%ce%bd%ce%b1-%ce%b8%ce%b5%ce%bf%cf%85%cd%82-ou-%cf%85%ce%b9%cc%94%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b8%ce%b5%ce%bf%cf%85%cd%82\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":1},"title":"\u03c4\u03b5\u0301\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u0342 ou \u03c5\u03b9\u0314\u03bf\u03b9\u0300 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u0342 ?","author":"areopage","date":"10\/08\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Les chr\u00e9tiens sont-ils des enfants de Dieu, ou des fils de Dieu ? Il ne faut sans doute pas pousser la distinction tr\u00e8s loin, mais il semble qu'on puisse \u00e9tablir une distinction entre \u03c4\u03b5\u0301\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u0342 et \u03c5\u03b9\u0314\u03bf\u03b9\u0300 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u0342. Du moins chez Jean. C'est l'impression que j'avais, et je suis rassur\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":2111,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2014\/08\/01\/heureux-les-pauvres-luc-6-20\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":2},"title":"Heureux les pauvres (Luc 6.20)","author":"areopage","date":"01\/08\/2014","format":false,"excerpt":"\u039a\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c7\u03bf\u03af \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f73\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u1f76\u03bd \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6.\u00a0Et lui, levant les yeux sur ses disciples, disait \u2013 \" Heureux, vous les pauvres, car le Royaume de Dieu est \u00e0 vous. (BJ) Cette b\u00e9n\u00e9diction faite lors du sermon\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;critique textuelle&quot;","block_context":{"text":"critique textuelle","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/critique-textuelle\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":971,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/10\/21\/matthieu-11-12-ou-la-violence-au-royaume\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":3},"title":"Matthieu 11.12, ou la violence au Royaume","author":"areopage","date":"21\/10\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f38\u03c9\u1f71\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b2\u03b9\u1f71\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f01\u03c1\u03c0\u1f71\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd. depuis les jours de Jean le Baptiste jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, le royaume des cieux est soumis \u00e0 la violence et les violents le saisissent par la force. Matthieu 11.12 est un verset d\u00e9licat\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"2110131","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/2110131-150x150.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":332,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2013\/08\/05\/que-signifie-%e1%bc%80%cf%80%e1%bd%b8-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1%ce%b2%ce%bf%ce%bb%e1%bf%86%cf%82-%ce%ba%cf%8c%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%bf%cf%85-matthieu-25-34-etc\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":4},"title":"Que signifie \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (Matthieu 25.34, etc.) ?","author":"areopage","date":"05\/08\/2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Cette expression, ou sa variante \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5,\u00a0figure dans un nombre appr\u00e9ciable de versets :\u00a0Matthieu 13.35, 25.34, Luc 11.50, Jean 17.24, \u00c9ph\u00e9siens 1.4, H\u00e9breux 4.3, 9.26, 1 Pierre 1.20, R\u00e9v\u00e9lation 13.8, 17.8. Les concepts th\u00e9ologiques qui y sont aff\u00e9rents sont extr\u00eamement d\u00e9licats : \u00e9lection, pr\u00e9destination, r\u00e9demption (\u2192 \u00e9tude th\u00e9matique, cf.\u00a0infra).\u00a0Il\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"2th2_13_thmes","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/2th2_13_thmes-300x198.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4154,"url":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/2015\/10\/25\/%cf%80%ce%bd%ce%b5%e1%bf%a6%ce%bc%ce%b1-%e1%bd%81-%ce%b8%ce%b5%e1%bd%b9%cf%82-jean-4-24\/","url_meta":{"origin":1666,"position":5},"title":"\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f79\u03c2 (Jean 4.24)","author":"areopage","date":"25\/10\/2015","format":false,"excerpt":"\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f79\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6. Dieu est esprit, et ceux qui le r\u00e9v\u00e8rent doivent le r\u00e9v\u00e9rer en esprit et v\u00e9rit\u00e9 Les familiers du quatri\u00e8me \u00e9vangile reconna\u00eetront volontiers dans ce verset un concentr\u00e9 de subtilit\u00e9s th\u00e9ologiques et de difficult\u00e9s linguistiques, situation intrins\u00e8que au g\u00e9nie\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans &quot;grec biblique&quot;","block_context":{"text":"grec biblique","link":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/category\/grec-biblique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"2510151","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/2510151-300x58.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1666"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1666\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1715,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1666\/revisions\/1715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/areopage.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}